summaries of the 4 approaches

biological approach assumes that the mind is the product of or brain. this refers to the term "materialism". the brain and the mind can be compared to the hardware and software of a computer. no one really knows how the mind and brain are connected. there are particular factors that affects our behavior which will eventually affect our mind and body. they are drugs and the split brain. psycho pharmacology is the study of psychoactive drugs where both psychology and medicine are involved. psychoactive drugs were already used since ancient times. they can be found in plants and even on our bodies.by taking drugs, it will affect our body and also our minds. there are different types of drugs that give different effects. they can be beneficial or hazardous to our health. another factor is the split brain which was speculated by Gustav fechner. then roger Sperry and Philip Vogel performed the cutting of the fibers of the corpus callosum which separates the two hemispheres of the brain. they were able to identify the parts of the brain that functions at a particular situation.still, the split brain was not able to fully identify the functions of the various parts of brain. 


behaviorism/ Behaviorist approach - Israel Goldman stated that behavior is based on the environment of the person. Learning is emphasized n this approach. Response and stimuli are also stated.  A stimulus can be found in the environment while the receiver of this stimulus is the respondent.  Persimony is a principle where every event must have even the simplest explanation. Everything that happens has a reason.  Edwin Lynn Thorndike's Law of effect made the behaviorist  approach clearer and acceptable. It focuses on behavior caused by satisfaction. John Watson was the founder of behaviorism. It emphasizes mental processes. Reflexes are responses that are unlearned. An example of reflex is when a boy touches the flame of the candle and quickly withdraws his hand. Sometimes reflex can also be learned, some people are trained for combat and fighting can be considered as a reflex to them.  Reinforcer and reinforcement must co-exist. Reinforcer is a stimulus while a reinforcement is a process that may increase the possibility of a response.